Figure 6-17. WebConverting azimuths to quadrant bearings or vice versa is easy. Please send comments or suggestions on accessibility to the site editor. (b) To use a magnetic azimuth in the field with a compass, change the grid azimuth plotted on a map to a magnetic azimuth (Figure 6-14). Figure 6-9. How many minutes does it take to drive 23 miles? All the convergence angles west of the Central Meridian are negative. or The instructor informed us that here in the US it really wasn't relevant. If you are surveying or doing something other than land nav for hunting, this may matter. Figure 6-13. The answer is that you can use a compass or an app like Google Maps on your phone to find out the grid azimuth. f. The location of the user is where the line crosses the linear feature. These data are shown in the form of a grid-convergence note. That explanation on drawing lines on the map is definitely very useful. To convert degrees to mils, multiply degrees by 17.78. c. Grad. Draw an arrow pointing east (azimuth of 90) for an arbitrary borehole azimuth reference. Since we dont navigate by stars much anymore we really only care about grid north (what the map says) and magnetic north (what the compass says). (See paragraph 6-6.). The Pennsylvania State University 2020, GPS and GNSS for Geospatial Professionals, Lesson 6: State Plane Coordinates and Heights, State Plane Coordinate Zones 1983, False Eastings and Scale, Lesson 7: Static Global Positioning System Surveying, Lesson 8: Real-Time Global Positioning System Surveying, Lesson 10: Global Navigation Satellite Systems and the Future, Repository of Open and Affordable Materials, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, John A. Dutton Institute for Teaching and Learning Excellence, Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Earth and Mineral SciencesEnergy Institute, iMPS in Renewable Energy and Sustainability Policy Program Office, BA in Energy and Sustainability Policy Program Office, 2217 Earth and Engineering Sciences Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802. A line from any point on the earths surface to the north pole. When measuring azimuths on a map, remember that you are measuring from a starting point to an ending point. I never got lost and would find all the points giving by getting close and following the trails to them. endobj This is a direct result of the grid north lines being parallel with each other. b. Mil. Web(1) Look at the declination diagram and determine the direction between the line representing grid north and the line representing magnetic north. dy|zn/_|\`dA/xo_vMS@"/9F}6DQ%u>.]l.ny,Vx~#oWCO1[KAVG9m4DyM*7vp`x~\^ ]S,6 xUMo1+1vmR6!j?__wrVxuzsei8Vmq.a+Qgl_9lz(A#l$ fQUzp6`Y+F,aeBBa[[c ^`;x1zKEyH9 NYtK,|m7-oF=HI)''UG~PycHNu-3r+|Q!vmR0T KiU)QHc|j'szMV+: s BH4/&`N3qgTR--H\Bg,R7d,B)th|1u"Uf0#bOzM&Z6fFmtQcX825Qb-Kyu ,F!bW\{JI6=aGc9MX'z_R0K}y%!> The military protractor, GTA 5-2-12, contains two scales: one in degrees (inner scale) and one in mils (outer scale). The following elements must be present when using polar coordinates (Figure 6-21). We used the earlier GPS's called sluggers. How to convert magnetic azimuth to grid azimuth. In this post, were going to look at the how and why of converting grid (or map) azimuths/bearings to magnetic azimuths/bearings and vice versa. Another unit of measure, the mil (abbreviated ), is used mainly in artillery, tank, and mortar gunnery. FM 3-25.26 Map Reading and Land Navigation - 550 Cord (2) The user should re-read the azimuth between the azimuth and north-south grid line to check the initial azimuth. endstream endobj startxref Resection with straightedge. endobj TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES 2. ENABLING Converting to a grid azimuth when the G-M angle is greater. (4) Draw a line along the straight edge. Basically, once you determine what your Magnetic Declination is, you simply use the provided tool, adjust the declination reading to correspond with that number (either East or West) and use your compass on the map as well as when shooting your azimuth. Back Azimuth. It uses the haversine formula, which is a formula used in spherical trigonometry. Magnetic Azimuth. The computation of the grid correction angle or angle of convergence will require special mathematical techniques depending on the type of projection of the curved earth's surface on to the flat grid. An azimuth is defined as a horizontal angle measured clockwise from a north base line.
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